Inspection, Testing and Calibration of CNC Machines - IMTMA/M015



Programme Background

Machine Tool Calibration is rapidly becoming an essential part of the manufacturing process with customers demanding higher accuracy from machine tools for handling precision parts with tighter tolerances. The ability of a machine tool to perform at its optimum level is largely based on the geometrical and positioning accuracies of the machine slides and guide ways. Machine tools are subject to positioning errors which might increase over a period of time due to natural wear and tear or failing parts or worn out moving parts. 

Machine tool accuracy affects not only accuracy of parts produced but productivity as well and is often the root cause of component quality issues and hidden costs. Machine Tool Calibration can be performed to check accuracy and track machine capability or performance degradation due to wear. In other words, it is a 'health-check' or 'condition-monitoring' of any machine tool. Periodic calibration helps identify potential problems with machine tools, such as bad bearings, faulty servos, slip-stick conditions, and so on. Hence an early detection enables to schedule preventive maintenance and avoid unexpected downtime, especially during critical production runs. Thus calibration of machine tools becomes essential part of predictive maintenance programme in companies to achieve "Doing it right the first time".

Focus Areas
  • Review of terminology
  • Geometrical testing of CNC Machine tools
  • Static tests - machine alignment testing using test charts
  • Working tests : Load test, NAS test, Circularity by ball bar
  • Interpreting test charts and corrective actions
  • Sources of errors and their rectification
  • Vibration & Noise
  • Need and benefits of calibration.
  • Accuracy, Repeatability and Resolution
  • National and International standards for determining Positional accuracy and Repeatability of machine tools.
  • Linear measurements - Linear scales, Laser interferometer : Principles of operation
  • Rotary Measurement - Autocollimator, Laser rotary calibrator
  • Demo of Laser Interferometer set up for calibration
  • Demo of Ball Bar measurements
  • Diagnosis of errors using graphs / plots obtained during calibration with case studies and examples.
  • Discussion about specific problems faced in industries reg. machine accuracy, testing and calibration
Key Takeaways

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